The Asian Bulletin of Business and Social Science Research

TRANSGENDER PERSPECTIVES ON SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP: AN EXPLORATION IN THE ASIAN CONTEXT

2025-02-01T21:19:24+00:00

In many walks of life, the transgender people faces marginalization and humiliation. Transgender individuals have found it challenging to fit-in with the mainstream society due to social rejection. Following the enforcement of the Transgender Protection Act of 2018, transgender individuals in Pakistan have experienced a significant surge in support from civil society. In result, the transgender people in small numbers have laid the foundation for the employment or self-employment. So that they can also prove themselves as useful citizen of this country and participating positively in the ongoing economic progress of Pakistan. Many of the transgender people has chosen entrepreneurship as career and started their own business. The primary aim of this study is to investigate the entrepreneurial motivators that transgender entrepreneur experience, prior to launching their business or get self-employed. The fifteen transgender entrepreneur interviewee are included in the study, who had quit dancing, acting, begging and commercial sex work and founded a business or self-employment. The major findings of the grounded theory revealed six significant drivers, cognitive drivers including: personal fulfilment and autonomy, passion for the chosen industry, and desire to make a positive impact. On the other hand, the environmental drivers consisting of financial independence and stability, family background and support, and societal recognition and acceptance. This article expand our understanding of transgender entrepreneurship and also magnify the core forces that make transgender individuals as a useful citizen of this country. The findings of this study will also suggest the role of policymakers, advocacy/support groups, and none governmental organizations (NGOs) in promoting entrepreneurship among the transgender community of Pakistan. Finally, the study’s limitations and future direction for potential research were also covered.

The USA and Russia's War and its Impact on North Korea

2025-03-13T17:55:46+00:00

The continuous hostility between the United States of America and Russia affects the Korean peninsula as it threatens the existence and security of the two Koreas. This paper examines the implications of the USA-Russia war on Korea in the geopolitical society with an emphasis on destructive technologies as nuclear weapons and cyber ones. Presumably, Trump will consolidate cooperation between the US and South Korea based on military and diplomatic, while Russia may supply the Korean North military and technical assistance, thus intensifying the division on the peninsula. Theoretical perspectives such as realism and liberalism provide understanding of the rationale and behavior of the concerned states, with reference to the concepts of power, security and cooperation. Technologies with destructive uses make the situation in regions even worse as regards potential escalations and unforeseen outcomes. They also draw attention to the importance of international collaboration in addressing these threats and sustaining regional and international security.

Leveraging Social Networks and Political Skill: A Study on the Internationalization of SMEs in the Asian Context

2025-01-21T06:42:04+00:00

This study investigates the role of SMEs’ owner-manager political skills in developing network resources that facilitate the internationalization process. Drawing on social network theory, we hypothesize that the political skill of SME owner-managers helps gain network resources, which in turn helps them internationalize their business. The data is collected via a self-administered questionnaire survey from owner-managers of exporting SMEs. The findings show that social network resources mediate between owner-manager political skills and SMEs’ Internationalization. Furthermore, we found empirical support for the notion that SME owner-manager’s political skill helps formulate network resources that advance business internationally. This study addresses two crucial yet unexplored questions in organizational behavior based on political skill and the internationalization literature. Firstly, it focuses on SME owner-manager political skills for SME internationalization and provides empirical support. Second, it also focuses on developing network resources by the SME’s owner-managers and empirically validates how network resources can help promote SME internationalization.